“Communication Breakdown” is what we call it when something goes wrong in a conversation and there is a misunderstanding. Our communication can break down for a number of reasons but most of the time, we are able to clarify the confusion and keep going.

“Communication Repair Strategies” are the techniques we use to fix the conversation so that everyone is on the same page again.

Children with communication challenges or social interaction difficulties may have trouble with this. They may not recognize that the communication has broken down. Or they may not know how to get it back on track once they’ve lost the thread.

We can help children learn to recognize and repair the communication by teaching them this skill directly.

Below are the steps for teaching communication repair strategies in speech therapy or at home.

Step 1: Introducing Communication Repair Strategies

• Ask students what “communication breakdown” and “communication repair strategies” means and what they normally do when it happens. Ask for some common reasons that communication breakdowns happen.

Step 2: List Communication Repair Strategies

• Students talk first about how to recognize when a communication breakdown has occurred. List out the signs that someone is confused.
• Next, outline several strategies that the students can use when a breakdown occurs. Have the students come up with as many ideas as they can and then add your own (see above)

Step: Practice Communication Repair Strategies

• Start with recognizing pictures of people as confused or not. When the students are able to do this in pictures, give them a buzzer (or the buzzer app on your smart phone or tablet) and tell them to buzz in whenever they notice that you look confused. Hold a small conversation and unexpectedly look confused to help them recognize it. Stay on this step until they can do it (may be several sessions)
• Analyze social scenarios to determine when a communication breakdown has occurred. Use activities that target topic maintenance to identify when someone says something that doesn’t make sense with what was already said. Once the student can do this with given situations, hold a conversation with the student and unexpectedly say something completely off topic to indicate the communication breakdown and have the students buzz in to indicate they heard it. Stay on this step until able to do this.** Need some practice scenarios? Our SLK Curriculum has an AI-Powered Social Scenario Generator! It will create endless social scenarios for you to use for discussions and role play!
  
• Have students purposefully practice each communication breakdown strategy in a staged conversation (use scripts if needed).
• During normal conversation, stop students when you didn’t understand something and ask them which strategy would be best to try to fix the breakdown.
• Once the student can demonstrate all strategies on command and can list of the strategies on command, start pointing out opportunities in normal conversation when a breakdown occurred and help the student repair it.

Step 4: Assign Homework to Use Communication Repair Strategies

• At the end of each session, assign the student to write one journal entry explaining a time that he practiced the skill from that day or a time that communication broke down and he wasn’t able to fix it.

Step 5: Review Use of Communication Repair Strategies During your Next Session

• During the next session, have the students read their journal entries and discuss what went well and troubleshoot what went wrong as a group.